Gross capital formation (formerly gross domestic investment) consists of outlays on additions to the fixed assets of the economy plus net changes in the level of inventories. Fixed assets include land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant, machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, railways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. Inventories are stocks of goods held by firms to meet temporary or unexpected fluctuations in production or sales, and “work in progress.” According to the 1993 SNA, net acquisitions of valuables are also considered capital formation.



Evolution of the indicator from 1960 to 2022

Value of the indicator in 2021

Country Value
Africa Eastern and Southern 19.7669749709829
Africa Western and Central 28.6996157796546
Arab World NA
Caribbean small states NA
Central Europe and the Baltics 24.1016747238997
Early-demographic dividend 26.0731125758587
East Asia & Pacific NA
East Asia & Pacific (excluding high income) NA
East Asia & Pacific (IDA & IBRD countries) NA
Euro area 22.841274001035
Europe & Central Asia 22.7064687882768
Europe & Central Asia (excluding high income) 24.9876215662684
Europe & Central Asia (IDA & IBRD countries) 24.3824857568804
European Union 23.0960402423933
Fragile and conflict affected situations 25.596253963758
Heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) 24.8682748100887
High income NA
IBRD only NA
IDA & IBRD total NA
IDA blend 24.9996068245069
IDA only 28.3166031109764
IDA total 26.8228463473471
Late-demographic dividend NA
Latin America & Caribbean 19.8175130240717
Latin America & Caribbean (excluding high income) 19.482666366526
Latin America & the Caribbean (IDA & IBRD countries) 20.1786866496658
Least developed countries: UN classification 28.9842084544496
Low & middle income NA
Low income 23.5015731224441
Lower middle income 28.0511735424223
Middle East & North Africa NA
Middle East & North Africa (excluding high income) NA
Middle East & North Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) NA
Middle income NA
North America NA
Not classified NA
OECD members NA
Other small states NA
Pacific island small states NA
Post-demographic dividend NA
Pre-demographic dividend 26.6412269488899
Small states NA
South Asia 29.8023540497361
South Asia (IDA & IBRD) 29.8023540497361
Sub-Saharan Africa 23.6702851403615
Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) 23.6625902280819
Sub-Saharan Africa (IDA & IBRD countries) 23.6702851403615
Upper middle income NA
World NA
Afghanistan NA
Albania 24.1156796982168
Algeria 39.7587608657299
American Samoa NA
Andorra NA
Angola 19.5011087875041
Antigua and Barbuda NA
Argentina 17.1050789782992
Armenia 19.632589485042
Aruba NA
Australia 22.6819899274798
Austria 27.5709872932431
Azerbaijan 17.3135884261618
Bahamas, The 25.7793123137591
Bahrain NA
Bangladesh 31.0187387357172
Barbados NA
Belarus 24.7515203317297
Belgium 26.2897328084588
Belize 21.2627530814861
Benin NA
Bermuda 13.5293536132413
Bhutan NA
Bolivia 16.8347541860386
Bosnia and Herzegovina 22.3772775085719
Botswana NA
Brazil 18.9197501560449
British Virgin Islands NA
Brunei Darussalam 31.2725674724409
Bulgaria 19.5559969991325
Burkina Faso NA
Burundi 13.1126303103093
Cabo Verde 45.5955601027626
Cambodia 26.577455494623
Cameroon 17.8576269024404
Canada 23.6920161687706
Cayman Islands NA
Central African Republic 26.0000000030097
Chad 18.9733237339455
Channel Islands NA
Chile 25.3235616573613
China NA
Colombia 19.7370491477962
Comoros 10.8147547336956
Congo, Dem. Rep. 25.0368154379917
Congo, Rep. NA
Costa Rica 19.6408525393417
Cote d’Ivoire 23.3746448444537
Croatia 20.222129504144
Cuba NA
Curacao NA
Cyprus 16.823225966113
Czech Republic 29.8244364307477
Denmark 23.308196747554
Djibouti NA
Dominica NA
Dominican Republic 31.3520926028993
Ecuador 22.3486633641739
Egypt, Arab Rep. 12.2299321873522
El Salvador 22.1923419821317
Equatorial Guinea 4.76492762228736
Eritrea NA
Estonia 30.5234426904813
Eswatini NA
Ethiopia 28.0229537697756
Faroe Islands NA
Fiji 16.1743434070843
Finland 24.3355974285782
France 25.3531141690181
French Polynesia NA
Gabon 18.707963114144
Gambia, The 35.203791025136
Georgia 21.9453719544178
Germany 22.6502400143392
Ghana 18.55262436294
Gibraltar NA
Greece 17.8414095386269
Greenland NA
Grenada NA
Guam NA
Guatemala 15.9419314984068
Guinea 25.4484293500053
Guinea-Bissau NA
Guyana NA
Haiti 18.0480486986025
Honduras 23.9947512714779
Hong Kong SAR, China 17.579308224013
Hungary 30.5987523532906
Iceland 23.0029688824717
India 31.1973628091831
Indonesia 31.4599211451255
Iran, Islamic Rep. NA
Iraq NA
Ireland 24.1963261382604
Isle of Man NA
Israel 22.7845109326074
Italy 20.0072500484951
Jamaica 22.0608171274619
Japan NA
Jordan 17.9703106808206
Kazakhstan NA
Kenya 20.2995635714404
Kiribati NA
Korea, Dem. People’s Rep. NA
Korea, Rep. 31.816938441889
Kosovo 35.7604058988178
Kuwait NA
Kyrgyz Republic 26.5052158542498
Lao PDR NA
Latvia 27.171284690708
Lebanon NA
Lesotho NA
Liberia NA
Libya NA
Liechtenstein NA
Lithuania 18.5676264073309
Luxembourg 18.1785624241852
Macao SAR, China 22.8340141851081
Madagascar 20.4654814136813
Malawi NA
Malaysia 22.2709235537463
Maldives NA
Mali 21.2516889374972
Malta 23.2406933177678
Marshall Islands NA
Mauritania NA
Mauritius 19.8712923207586
Mexico 20.2173118575997
Micronesia, Fed. Sts. NA
Moldova 28.6660101243892
Monaco NA
Mongolia 36.1275404379869
Montenegro 25.6158660482692
Morocco 31.7659323224144
Mozambique NA
Myanmar 30.8488924930712
Namibia 15.9219424155855
Nauru NA
Nepal 35.7822125023925
Netherlands 21.2049460973907
New Caledonia NA
New Zealand NA
Nicaragua 23.6174348485955
Niger 30.4109971477044
Nigeria 33.8346946701694
North Macedonia 33.8178665696955
Northern Mariana Islands NA
Norway 25.2198167337253
Oman NA
Pakistan 14.4737390475967
Palau NA
Panama NA
Papua New Guinea NA
Paraguay 22.4187438190041
Peru 22.6375957762639
Philippines 21.1837552916166
Poland 20.7846239128856
Portugal 19.6757482140518
Puerto Rico NA
Qatar NA
Romania 25.908449309381
Russian Federation 22.462198565239
Rwanda 26.2837832837145
Samoa NA
San Marino NA
Sao Tome and Principe NA
Saudi Arabia 23.6452888528508
Senegal 35.5113622706559
Serbia 25.6428591254921
Seychelles 34.2156160458453
Sierra Leone NA
Singapore 24.35127727116
Sint Maarten (Dutch part) NA
Slovak Republic 21.3959752625419
Slovenia 22.0161924552586
Solomon Islands NA
Somalia NA
South Africa 12.9052039571891
South Sudan NA
Spain 21.4968014120424
Sri Lanka 27.6979196208765
St. Kitts and Nevis NA
St. Lucia NA
St. Martin (French part) NA
St. Vincent and the Grenadines NA
Sudan 3.46229418308935
Suriname NA
Sweden 25.6126117604733
Switzerland 23.5528598962621
Syrian Arab Republic NA
Tajikistan NA
Tanzania 43.2176990980371
Thailand 29.1103254138827
Timor-Leste NA
Togo 23.6480302346348
Tonga NA
Trinidad and Tobago NA
Tunisia NA
Turkiye 31.9251730660547
Turkmenistan NA
Turks and Caicos Islands NA
Tuvalu NA
Uganda 24.0911936923512
Ukraine 13.8173601090488
United Arab Emirates NA
United Kingdom 17.4297621030843
United States NA
Uruguay 18.3815944621708
Uzbekistan 40.5812198278421
Vanuatu NA
Venezuela, RB NA
Vietnam NA
Virgin Islands (U.S.) NA
West Bank and Gaza 25.7689834116917
Yemen, Rep. NA
Zambia NA
Zimbabwe NA